Hoistways shall be fully enclosed, or enclosed on all landings to a height
of six feet above the landing floor or six feet above highest working
level or stair level adjacent to the hoistway. Perforated hoistway enclosures
can be used where fire resistance is not required, provided:
(1) Steel wire grill or expanded metal grill shall be at least thirteen
U.S. gauge steel wire.
(2) Openings in the enclosure shall reject a one inch steel ball.
(3) All hoistway landings shall be properly and adequately lighted.
WAC 296-56-60141 through 296-56-60171 apply to the installation,
design, and use of all one man capacity, electric elevators subject to
inspection under RCW 49.17.120.
(1) Hoistway gates may be constructed of wood slat, steel wire grill,
expanded metal or solid material, providing all openings reject a two
inch ball and resist a two hundred fifty pound horizontal thrust.
(a) Steel wire and expanded metal gates shall be of at least thirteen
gauge steel.
(b) Wood slats must be not less than two inches wide and one-half inch
thick, nominal size.
(c) Solid material shall be not less than one-eighth inch reinforced
sheet steel or one-half inch plywood.
(2) Hoistway gates may be horizontal swinging, vertical or horizontal
sliding or biparting gates.
(a) Hoistway gates shall extend the full width of the elevator car
and from one inch above the landing floor to six feet or more above
the floor.
(b) Horizontal swinging gates shall be prevented from swinging into
hoistway.
(3) Gates shall be equipped with interlocks or mechanical locks and electric
contacts designed so that hoistway gates cannot be opened when the car
is away from the landing.
(1) Elevator cars shall be fully enclosed to car height or to a height
of not less than six feet six inches whichever is greater. Elevator cars
may be of perforated or solid material provided the material will withstand
a horizontal thrust of seventy-five pounds without deflecting one-quarter
inch and all openings will reject a one inch ball.
(a) Car frames shall be of substantial metal or wood construction with
a safety factor of four for metal frames and six for wood frames.
(b) Wood frames shall be gusseted and bolted or otherwise secured with
large washers and lock washers.
(c) The car platform shall not exceed thirty inches inside dimension
on each side (6.25 square foot area).
(2) Every car shall have a substantial protective top. The front half
may be hinged. The protective top may be made from number nine U.S. wire
gauge screen, eleven gauge expanded metal, fourteen gauge sheet steel,
or three-quarter inch or heavier plywood. If made of wire screen or metal,
the openings shall reject a one-half inch diameter ball.
Elevator car doors shall be provided on all elevators, except on fully
enclosed hoistways equipped with hoistway gates and enclosed from the
top of the hoistway opening to the ceiling on the landing side.
(1) Car doors may be of solid or perforated construction and shall be
capable of resisting a seventy-five pound thrust without deflecting one-quarter
inch.
(2) Car doors may be biparting or otherwise horizontally swung provided
the door swings within the elevator car.
(3) A positive locking latch device which resists a two hundred fifty
pound thrust shall be provided.
(4) Interlocks or mechanical locks and electric contacts must be provided
on cars operating in open hoistways.
All counterweights shall be fully enclosed for their full length of travel
except in closed hoistways where counterweight guide rails have been provided.
(1) Counterweight enclosures shall provide an inspection opening in the
bottom of the enclosure large enough to provide for the inspection of
cable fastenings, counterweight and buffer. Counterweights of rectangular
shape shall be secured by not less than two one-half inch mild steel bolts
with locknuts. Round counterweights shall be fastened with a center bolt
not less than three-quarter inch diameter and secured with a locknut.
(2) Bolt eyes shall be welded closed.
(3) Cable fastenings shall be not less than three U-shaped clamps with
U's on the dead side of the rope or babbitted tapered elevator sockets.
A minimum of two car guide rails shall be provided. They shall:
(1) Extend at least six inches beyond the maximum travel of the car with
buffers compressed.
(2) Be securely fastened to a vertical supporting member for the full
length of elevator travel.
(3) Be not less than one and one-half inch by one and one-half inch vertical
grain fir or equivalent, one-quarter inch by two inch by two inch angle
iron or equivalent.
(4) Not vary more than three-sixteenths inch thickness on brake surfaces
for wood guide rails.
(5) Be secured to resist more than one-half inch total deflection on
car safety application and resist a two hundred fifty pound horizontal
thrust.
Hoisting ropes shall be of good grade elevator traction wire rope and
shall:
(1) Be at least two ropes of not less than three-eighths inch diameter
providing a safety factor of five.
(2) Be fastened by at least three U-type cable clamps with the U on the
dead return end of the rope or by approved elevator sockets of the babbitted
type.
(3) Be of such length that the car platform will not be more than six
inches above the top landing when the counterweight buffer is fully compressed.
The counterweight shall be six inches or more away from the counterbalance
sheave when the car buffer is fully compressed.
There shall be no habitable space below the elevator hoistway and counterweight
shaft unless the floor is designed to withstand an impact one hundred
twenty-five percent greater than the impact generated by a free fall of
either the car or counterweight from the full height of the hoistway.
All cars suspended or operated from overhead machinery shall be equipped
with an approved car safety capable of stopping and holding the car with
rated load.
(1) Car safeties shall operate mechanically and be independent of interruption
of any electrical circuit.
(2) Car safeties and governor controlled safeties shall automatically
operate and the control circuit shall be broken in the event of cable
breakage.
All elevators shall be equipped with brakes designed to engage mechanically
and release electrically.
(1) Brakes shall be located on the final drive of all elevator machines.
(2) The brake actuating circuit shall be so designed that interruption
of power by slack cable switch, control switch, and limit switches actuate
the brake.
(3) The brakes shall actuate under short circuit, phase failure, or reverse
phase conditions.
(1) Car controls may be automatic pushbutton, constant pressure pushbutton
or momentary pushbutton types. Hand rope and car switch controls shall
not be used.
(2) Manually operated emergency stop switches shall be installed in all
cars not equipped with constant pressure pushbutton controls. The switch
shall be clearly marked “emergency stop.”
(3) Terminal limiting devices shall operate independently of the car
controls and automatically stop the car at the top and bottom terminal
landings.
(4) All winding drum machine type elevators shall be equipped with top
and bottom final limit switches.
(5) A slack rope device of manual reset design shall be required on all
winding drum type machines. The device shall be designed to de-energize
the circuit to the drive motor and brake.
(6) All installations shall be equipped with an overspeed governor. This
governor shall be set not to exceed one hundred seventy-five feet per
minute and shall be designed to de-energize the brake control and motor
drive circuits simultaneously with the activation of the car safety mechanism.
Car speeds for these types of installations shall not exceed a speed of
one hundred twenty-five feet per minute.
(1) Elevator machines shall be driven by approved type units.
(a) On direct drive or approved worm gear driven type, a mechanically
actuated, electrically released brake shall be installed on the driving
unit.
(b) On V belt driven types, a minimum of four belts, one-half inch
minimum size, shall be used to transmit power from the motor to the
drive shaft and a mechanically actuated, electrically released brake
shall be installed on the final drive shaft.
(2) Wherever practical, elevator machines shall be installed on the top
side of their supporting structure.
(3) All components of the driving mechanism and parts subject to stress
involved in suspending the load or related equipment shall be designed
to withstand eight times the total weight to be suspended, including load,
counterweight, car and cables.
(4) Gears shall be made of steel or equivalent material. Cast iron gears
are prohibited.
For
printing